E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that plays a key role in innate antiviral immunity (PubMed:21289118). In response to pathogen- and host-derived double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), targets TMEM173/STING to Lys-63-linked ubiquitination, thereby promoting its homodimerization, a step required for the production of type I interferon IFN-beta . Independently of its E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, positive regulator of TLR3 signaling. Potentiates extracellular double stranded RNA (dsRNA)-induced expression of IFNB1 and interferon-stimulated genes ISG15, IFIT1/ISG56, CXCL10, OASL and CCL5/RANTES. Promotes establishment of an antiviral state by TLR3 ligand and TLR3-mediated chemokine induction following infection by hepatitis C virus (PubMed:22948160).
