TLR4 has been demonstrated to act as a receptor for LPS on human monocytes and macrophages. TLR4 signalling of LPS stimulation requires the presence of the MD-2 molecule. TLR4 is weakly expressed by resting cells, but is upregulated following stimulation with LPS. Applications: Suitable for use in Flow Cytometry, Functional Assays, and Immunoprecipitation. Other applications not tested. Recommended Dilution: Flow Cytometry: 1:10-1:50, 10ul labels 10e6 cells in 100ul Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher. Hybridoma: Sp2/0 myeloma cells with spleen cells from Balb/c mice. Storage and Stability: May be stored at 4C for short-term only. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20C. Aliquots are stable for 12 months. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.